{"id":8257,"date":"2020-09-30T16:16:06","date_gmt":"2020-09-30T16:16:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/?page_id=8257"},"modified":"2021-03-19T09:40:27","modified_gmt":"2021-03-19T09:40:27","slug":"cardross","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/history\/hostels\/cardross\/","title":{"rendered":"Cardross"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"pl-8257\"  class=\"panel-layout\" ><div id=\"pg-8257-0\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-no-style\" ><div id=\"pgc-8257-0-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-8257-0-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"0\" ><div class=\"panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-8257-0-0-0\" ><div\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tclass=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\"\n\t\t\t\n\t\t>\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<div class=\"su-image-carousel  su-image-carousel-has-spacing su-image-carousel-crop su-image-carousel-crop-4-3 su-image-carousel-has-outline su-image-carousel-adaptive su-image-carousel-slides-style-photo su-image-carousel-controls-style-dark su-image-carousel-align-center\" style=\"\" data-flickity-options='{\"groupCells\":true,\"cellSelector\":\".su-image-carousel-item\",\"adaptiveHeight\":false,\"cellAlign\":\"left\",\"prevNextButtons\":true,\"pageDots\":false,\"autoPlay\":5000,\"imagesLoaded\":true,\"contain\":true,\"selectedAttraction\":0.025,\"friction\":0.28}' id=\"su_image_carousel_69f41670d34f7\"><div class=\"su-image-carousel-item\"><div class=\"su-image-carousel-item-content\"><img width=\"720\" height=\"405\" src=\"https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Cardross-Darleith-House-02-1024x576.jpg\" class=\"\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Cardross-Darleith-House-02-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Cardross-Darleith-House-02-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Cardross-Darleith-House-02-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Cardross-Darleith-House-02.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><span><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"su-image-carousel-item\"><div class=\"su-image-carousel-item-content\"><img width=\"720\" height=\"405\" src=\"https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Cardross-Darleith-House-03-1024x576.jpg\" class=\"\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Cardross-Darleith-House-03-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Cardross-Darleith-House-03-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Cardross-Darleith-House-03-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Cardross-Darleith-House-03.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><span><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"su-image-carousel-item\"><div class=\"su-image-carousel-item-content\"><img width=\"720\" height=\"405\" src=\"https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Cardross-Darleith-House-04-1024x576.jpg\" class=\"\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Cardross-Darleith-House-04-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Cardross-Darleith-House-04-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Cardross-Darleith-House-04-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Cardross-Darleith-House-04.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><span><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"su-image-carousel-item\"><div class=\"su-image-carousel-item-content\"><img width=\"720\" height=\"405\" src=\"https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Cardross-Darleith-House-01-1024x576.jpg\" class=\"\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Cardross-Darleith-House-01-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Cardross-Darleith-House-01-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Cardross-Darleith-House-01-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Cardross-Darleith-House-01.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><span><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><script id=\"su_image_carousel_69f41670d34f7_script\">if(window.SUImageCarousel){setTimeout(function() {window.SUImageCarousel.initGallery(document.getElementById(\"su_image_carousel_69f41670d34f7\"))}, 0);}var su_image_carousel_69f41670d34f7_script=document.getElementById(\"su_image_carousel_69f41670d34f7_script\");if(su_image_carousel_69f41670d34f7_script){su_image_carousel_69f41670d34f7_script.parentNode.removeChild(su_image_carousel_69f41670d34f7_script);}<\/script>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pg-8257-1\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-has-style\" ><div id=\"slidertop\" class=\"panel-row-style panel-row-style-for-8257-1\" ><div id=\"pgc-8257-1-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-8257-1-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"1\" ><div\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tclass=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\"\n\t\t\t\n\t\t>\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<h1 style=\"font-size: 2.5em;\">Cardross<\/h1>\n<p>The hostel was in Cardross in Dumbartonshire, western Scotland, 30 miles from Glasgow. The hostel opened in autumn 1945 and was home to 27 boys of Polish, Hungarian and Romanian origin. Nothing is known about the Boys amongst the locals in Cardross today.<\/p>\n<h3>THE HOUSE<\/h3>\n<p>Cardross hostel was in Darleith House, a large country mansion with a tennis court. <a href=\"https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/survivors\/chaim-olmer\/\">Harry Olmer<\/a> says in Martin Gilbert's <em>The Boys<\/em>: \u2018it was a most delightful place...The house was a beautiful manor in its own grounds, with...a view of the Clyde Estuary...Life was very pleasant in the hostel. The bedrooms were large...four boys to a room\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>After being used as a seminary until the mid-1960s the house was then empty and classified as a building \"at risk'. It was severely damaged in a fire and has been partly restored, but some parts of the house remain derelict.<\/p>\n<h3>THE CARDROSS STORY<\/h3>\n<p>The children were sent here for recuperation and rest from the <a href=\"\/history\/hostels\/windermere\/\">Windermere<\/a> reception centre. It was not intended to keep them in Darleith House for longer than a year.<\/p>\n<p>The Committee for the Care of the Concentration Camp Children regarded the Cardross hostel as exemplary but expensive.<\/p>\n<p>In <em>The Boys, <\/em><a href=\"\/survivors\/majer-kochen\/\">Mayer Kochen<\/a>\u00a0describes Cardross as \u2018an ideal place to continue our recuperation\u2019, while <a href=\"\/survivors\/israel-krulik-wilder\/\">Krulik Wilder<\/a> remembers the hostel as \u2018lively and exciting\u2019, full of boys from various nationalities including Poland, Hungary and Romania.<\/p>\n<p>The emphasis was on learning English and establishing the Boys\u2019 state of health. Teachers were recruited from the nearby town of Dumbarton to teach the boys a range of subjects. Kochen remarks that \u201cwe were very hungry to learn, and [the teachers] responded accordingly. They gave up a lot of their time to teach us...we were invited to their homes for Sunday tea.\u201d The Glasgow Jewish Community also provided teachers in Hebrew and Jewish studies.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"\/survivors\/chaim-olmer\/\">Harry Olmer<\/a> recalls that the boys performed plays and were very happy there. Julie Mahrer, the cook, remarked: \u201cIt was a pleasure to feed them because they used to eat!\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The Boys stayed in Cardross for about a year. When the hostel closed, 25 boys were moved to Glasgow and those who wished to go to the United States were sent to the hostel in Burnley, <a href=\"\/history\/hostels\/montford-hall\/\">Montford Hall<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pg-8257-2\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-no-style\" ><div id=\"pgc-8257-2-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-8257-2-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_codewidget panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"2\" ><div class=\"code-widget\"><div style=\"margin-top: -25px;\"><h3>The Boys<\/h3>\n<div class=\"su-accordion su-u-trim\"><div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-plus hostelexpand su-spoiler-closed\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\" data-anchor-in-url=\"no\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span>Click to view<\/div><div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">\n<strong>Click on the name to find out more about them.<\/strong><br>\n\n \t\n \t<ul class=\"hostal-boys-list\">\n\n    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t                     \n\n\t\t\t<li class=\"hostel-boys-names\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/survivors\/solomon-victor-breitburg\/\">Breitburg, Solomon<\/a><\/li>\n\n        \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t                     \n\n\t\t\t<li class=\"hostel-boys-names\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/survivors\/moses-etkind\/\">Etkind, Moses<\/a><\/li>\n\n        \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t                     \n\n\t\t\t<li class=\"hostel-boys-names\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/survivors\/samuel-holckiener\/\">Holckiener, Samuel<\/a><\/li>\n\n        \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t                     \n\n\t\t\t<li class=\"hostel-boys-names\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/survivors\/mozes-junger\/\">Junger, Mozes<\/a><\/li>\n\n        \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t                     \n\n\t\t\t<li class=\"hostel-boys-names\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/survivors\/majer-kochen\/\">Kochen, Majer<\/a><\/li>\n\n        \t\t                     \n\n\t\t\t<li class=\"hostel-boys-names\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/survivors\/ellek-kochen\/\">Kochen, Ellek<\/a><\/li>\n\n        \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t                     \n\n\t\t\t<li class=\"hostel-boys-names\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/survivors\/chaim-olmer\/\">Olmer, Chaim<\/a><\/li>\n\n        \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t                     \n\n\t\t\t<li class=\"hostel-boys-names\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/survivors\/salomon-perl\/\">Perl, Salomon<\/a><\/li>\n\n        \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t                     \n\n\t\t\t<li class=\"hostel-boys-names\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/survivors\/chaskiel-rosenblum\/\">Rosenblum, Chaskiel<\/a><\/li>\n\n        \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t                     \n\n\t\t\t<li class=\"hostel-boys-names\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/survivors\/dan-szurek\/\">Szurek, Dan<\/a><\/li>\n\n        \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t                     \n\n\t\t\t<li class=\"hostel-boys-names\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/survivors\/israel-krulik-wilder\/\">Wilder, Israel<\/a><\/li>\n\n        \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t    \t\t        <\/ul>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-font-size:defaultfancypx; su-spoiler-icon- formexpand extrainfo su-spoiler-closed\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\" data-anchor-in-url=\"no\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span>Do you have additional information or photographs? 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If you have further information or material on this hostel, please contact \u201945 Aid Society or fill in the form below.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wpforms-container wpforms-container-full hostelformcss\" id=\"wpforms-13120\"><form id=\"wpforms-form-13120\" class=\"wpforms-validate wpforms-form\" data-formid=\"13120\" method=\"post\" enctype=\"multipart\/form-data\" action=\"\/COPYLIVE\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8257?wpforms_form_id=13120\" data-token=\"bfaf9fdd0e8e38ba02f23a8c63e3bf85\"><noscript class=\"wpforms-error-noscript\">Please enable JavaScript in your browser to complete this form.<\/noscript><div class=\"wpforms-field-container\"><div id=\"wpforms-13120-field_7-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-html\" data-field-id=\"7\"><div id=\"wpforms-13120-field_7\"><\/div><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-13120-field_1-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-name\" data-field-id=\"1\"><label class=\"wpforms-field-label\" for=\"wpforms-13120-field_1\">Name <span 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class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\"><\/p>\n<p>The Cardross hostel was run by two Jewish women from Glasgow, Dora Woolfson and Elsie Heilbronn, who had previously set up the Garnethill\u00a0Refugee Hostel in Glasgow.<\/p>\n<p>Dela Bamberger was sent by<a href=\"https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/history\/the-boys-story\/a-z-of-key-figures\/\"> Bachad<\/a> to work there, as it was noted that a more religious madrich was needed.<\/p>\n<p>Maureen Livingston taught English and went to Darleith once a week. She had been in the reception camp in Windermere, where she looked after the smallest children, before taking them to Bulldog\u2019s Bank, where she spent a few months before returning home to Glasgow. Mr Smith\u00a0also taught English.<\/p>\n<p>Julie Mahrer, the cook, Austrian, came to England before the war.<\/p>\n<p>A Miss Curtis and a Miss Belf\u00a0were both laid off to cut costs in March 1946.<\/p>\n<p><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Zyskind was born in Piotrkow, Poland and was in the Piotrk\u00f3w ghetto, which was the first to be established on occupied Polish territory.\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8261,"parent":7587,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8257"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8257"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8257\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7587"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8261"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev.45aid.org\/COPYLIVE\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8257"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}